Dataset · Water

Urban and rural drinking water and sanitation by country, 2000-2024

Urban and rural shares of population with at least basic drinking water and sanitation across 217 economies, 2000-2024.

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	A	B	C	D	E	F	J	K	L
1	Urban and rural drinking water and sanitation by country, 2000-2024
2	Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (SH.H2O.BASW.UR.ZS, SH.H2O.BASW.RU.ZS, SH.STA.BASS.UR.ZS, SH.STA.BASS.RU.ZS; WHO/UNICEF JMP) · Retrieved 2026-10-13 · License: CC BY 4.0
3	Urban versus rural population shares using at least basic drinking water and sanitation services (2000-2024).
4
5	WORLD URBAN BASIC WATER, 2024 (%)	WORLD RURAL BASIC WATER, 2024 (%)				WORLD URBAN SANITATION, 2024 (%)	WORLD RURAL SANITATION, 2024 (%)
6	96.4	84.5				89.2	71.9
7	2024, World Bank WLD aggregate	2024, World Bank WLD aggregate				2024, World Bank WLD aggregate	2024, World Bank WLD aggregate
8
9	Regions and income groups, 2024: urban and rural basic water and sanitation (% of population)
10	World, region or income group	Code	Urban water %	Rural water %	Water gap (pts)	Rural water bar (scale 0 to 100%)	Urban sanit %	Rural sanit %	Sanit gap (pts)
11	World	WLD	96.4	84.5	11.9	████████████████████████	89.2	71.9	17.2
12	East Asia & Pacific	EAS	97.3	91.1	6.2	██████████████████████████	96.4	91.0	5.4
13	Europe & Central Asia	ECS	98.7	95.6	3.1	███████████████████████████	98.9	93.2	5.7
14	Latin America & Caribbean	LCN	99.3	91.1	8.2	██████████████████████████	93.7	76.0	17.7
15	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	MEA	96.6	88.0	8.7	█████████████████████████	92.1	72.6	19.5
16	North America	NAC	99.8	99.9	-0.1	████████████████████████████	99.7	98.4	1.3

Showing the first 16 of 41 rows and 12 of 13 columns. Cells with formulas show the formula on hover.

	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L
1	At least basic drinking water, urban (% of urban population), 2000-2024
2	Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (SH.H2O.BASW.UR.ZS; WHO/UNICEF JMP) · Retrieved 2026-10-13 · License: CC BY 4.0
3	Country	ISO3	Region	Income group	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007
4	Afghanistan	AFG	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Low income	57.1	57.1	58.9	60.7	62.5	64.2	66.0	67.9
5	Albania	ALB	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	94.7	94.8	94.8	94.9	94.9	95.0	95.0	95.1
6	Algeria	DZA	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Upper middle income	93.8	93.8	93.9	93.9	94.0	94.0	94.0	94.1
7	American Samoa	ASM	East Asia & Pacific	High income
8	Andorra	AND	Europe & Central Asia	High income	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
9	Angola	AGO	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income	58.7	58.7	58.7	60.0	61.2	62.5	63.8	65.1
10	Antigua and Barbuda	ATG	Latin America & Caribbean	High income	98.4	98.4	98.5	98.5	98.5	98.5	98.5	98.5
11	Argentina	ARG	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income	98.7	98.8	98.8	98.9	98.9	99.0	99.0	99.1
12	Armenia	ARM	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	98.8	98.9	98.9	99.0	99.1	99.1	99.2	99.3
13	Aruba	ABW	Latin America & Caribbean	High income
14	Australia	AUS	East Asia & Pacific	High income	99.8	99.8	99.8	99.8	99.9	99.9	99.9	99.9
15	Austria	AUT	Europe & Central Asia	High income	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
16	Azerbaijan	AZE	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	92.8	93.1	93.4	93.7	94.0	94.3	94.6	94.9

Showing the first 16 of 220 rows and 12 of 29 columns. Cells with formulas show the formula on hover.

	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L
1	At least basic drinking water, rural (% of rural population), 2000-2024
2	Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (SH.H2O.BASW.RU.ZS; WHO/UNICEF JMP) · Retrieved 2026-10-13 · License: CC BY 4.0
3	Country	ISO3	Region	Income group	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007
4	Afghanistan	AFG	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Low income	22.0	22.0	24.1	26.2	28.3	30.4	32.5	34.8
5	Albania	ALB	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	80.4	81.1	81.8	82.4	83.1	83.8	84.5	85.1
6	Algeria	DZA	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Upper middle income	81.8	81.9	82.1	82.2	82.4	82.5	82.7	82.8
7	American Samoa	ASM	East Asia & Pacific	High income
8	Andorra	AND	Europe & Central Asia	High income	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
9	Angola	AGO	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income	16.9	16.9	16.9	17.7	18.6	19.5	20.4	21.3
10	Antigua and Barbuda	ATG	Latin America & Caribbean	High income	97.0	97.1	97.2	97.3	97.4	97.5	97.6	97.7
11	Argentina	ARG	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income	76.4	77.8	79.2	80.5	81.9	83.3	84.7	86.1
12	Armenia	ARM	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	89.9	90.5	91.0	91.6	92.2	92.7	93.3	93.8
13	Aruba	ABW	Latin America & Caribbean	High income
14	Australia	AUS	East Asia & Pacific	High income	99.1	99.1	99.1	99.1	99.2	99.3	99.4	99.5
15	Austria	AUT	Europe & Central Asia	High income	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
16	Azerbaijan	AZE	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	57.4	58.8	60.2	61.7	63.1	64.6	66.0	67.5

Showing the first 16 of 220 rows and 12 of 29 columns. Cells with formulas show the formula on hover.

	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L
1	At least basic sanitation, urban (% of urban population), 2000-2024
2	Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (SH.STA.BASS.UR.ZS; WHO/UNICEF JMP) · Retrieved 2026-10-13 · License: CC BY 4.0
3	Country	ISO3	Region	Income group	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007
4	Afghanistan	AFG	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Low income	31.9	31.9	33.4	34.9	36.5	38.0	39.5	41.2
5	Albania	ALB	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	96.9	97.0	97.0	97.1	97.1	97.2	97.4	97.5
6	Algeria	DZA	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Upper middle income	91.7	91.7	91.7	91.7	91.7	91.7	91.7	91.7
7	American Samoa	ASM	East Asia & Pacific	High income
8	Andorra	AND	Europe & Central Asia	High income	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
9	Angola	AGO	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income	53.0	53.0	53.0	53.6	54.2	54.8	55.4	56.0
10	Antigua and Barbuda	ATG	Latin America & Caribbean	High income	82.1	82.9	83.7	84.5	85.3	86.1	87.0	87.8
11	Argentina	ARG	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income	90.0	90.4	90.8	91.2	91.6	92.0	92.4	92.8
12	Armenia	ARM	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	93.4	93.6	93.9	94.2	94.5	94.8	95.1	95.4
13	Aruba	ABW	Latin America & Caribbean	High income
14	Australia	AUS	East Asia & Pacific	High income
15	Austria	AUT	Europe & Central Asia	High income	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
16	Azerbaijan	AZE	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	77.1	77.6	78.2	78.8	79.3	80.4	81.4	82.5

Showing the first 16 of 220 rows and 12 of 29 columns. Cells with formulas show the formula on hover.

	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L
1	At least basic sanitation, rural (% of rural population), 2000-2024
2	Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (SH.STA.BASS.RU.ZS; WHO/UNICEF JMP) · Retrieved 2026-10-13 · License: CC BY 4.0
3	Country	ISO3	Region	Income group	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007
4	Afghanistan	AFG	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Low income	19.6	19.6	21.0	22.3	23.7	25.1	26.5	27.8
5	Albania	ALB	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	84.2	84.9	85.7	86.4	87.2	88.0	88.8	89.7
6	Algeria	DZA	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Upper middle income	73.6	74.0	74.3	74.7	75.0	75.4	75.7	76.1
7	American Samoa	ASM	East Asia & Pacific	High income
8	Andorra	AND	Europe & Central Asia	High income	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
9	Angola	AGO	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income	14.6	14.6	14.6	15.1	15.7	16.3	16.8	17.4
10	Antigua and Barbuda	ATG	Latin America & Caribbean	High income	86.0	86.8	87.5	88.2	88.9	89.7	90.4	91.1
11	Argentina	ARG	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income	68.7	69.4	70.1	70.7	71.4	72.1	72.7	73.4
12	Armenia	ARM	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	78.3	78.5	78.6	78.8	79.0	79.2	79.3	79.5
13	Aruba	ABW	Latin America & Caribbean	High income
14	Australia	AUS	East Asia & Pacific	High income
15	Austria	AUT	Europe & Central Asia	High income	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
16	Azerbaijan	AZE	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	59.1	60.6	62.1	63.6	65.2	66.8	68.4	70.0

Showing the first 16 of 220 rows and 12 of 29 columns. Cells with formulas show the formula on hover.

	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L
1	Latest published urban and rural water and sanitation access by country (through 2024)
2	Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (SH.H2O.BASW.UR.ZS, SH.H2O.BASW.RU.ZS, SH.STA.BASS.UR.ZS, SH.STA.BASS.RU.ZS; WHO/UNICEF JMP) · Retrieved 2026-10-13 · License: CC BY 4.0
3	Country	ISO3	Region	Income group	Urban water: latest year	Urban water (%)	Rural water: latest year	Rural water (%)	Urban-rural water gap (points)	Urban sanitation: latest year	Urban sanitation (%)	Rural sanitation: latest year
4	Afghanistan	AFG	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Low income	2024	96.9	2024	74.8	22.1	2024	73.0	2024
5	Albania	ALB	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	2024	95.7	2024	94.1	1.6	2024	99.3	2024
6	Algeria	DZA	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Upper middle income	2024	94.8	2024	84.9	9.9	2024	87.9	2024
7	American Samoa	ASM	East Asia & Pacific	High income
8	Andorra	AND	Europe & Central Asia	High income	2024	100.0	2024	100.0	0.0	2024	100.0	2024
9	Angola	AGO	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income	2024	81.7	2024	36.9	44.8	2022	62.8	2022
10	Antigua and Barbuda	ATG	Latin America & Caribbean	High income	2024	98.7	2024	99.0	-0.2	2024	98.4	2024
11	Argentina	ARG	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income	2024	99.8	2016	93.0		2024	98.5	2016
12	Armenia	ARM	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	2024	99.9	2024	100.0	-0.1	2024	100.0	2024
13	Aruba	ABW	Latin America & Caribbean	High income
14	Australia	AUS	East Asia & Pacific	High income	2024	100.0	2024	100.0	-0.0
15	Austria	AUT	Europe & Central Asia	High income	2024	100.0	2024	100.0	0.0	2024	100.0	2024
16	Azerbaijan	AZE	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	2024	99.8	2024	94.7	5.1	2024	99.7	2024

Showing the first 16 of 220 rows and 12 of 16 columns. Cells with formulas show the formula on hover.

	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L
1	World Bank regional, income-group and world aggregates
2	Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (SH.H2O.BASW.UR.ZS, SH.H2O.BASW.RU.ZS, SH.STA.BASS.UR.ZS, SH.STA.BASS.RU.ZS; WHO/UNICEF JMP) · Retrieved 2026-10-13 · License: CC BY 4.0
3	Aggregate	Code	Type	Indicator	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007
4	World	WLD	World	At least basic drinking water, urban (% of urban population) (SH.H2O.BASW.UR.ZS)	95.0	95.0	95.1	95.1	95.2	95.2	95.3	95.3
5	East Asia & Pacific	EAS	Region	At least basic drinking water, urban (% of urban population) (SH.H2O.BASW.UR.ZS)	96.3	96.4	96.4	96.5	96.6	96.7	96.8	96.8
6	Europe & Central Asia	ECS	Region	At least basic drinking water, urban (% of urban population) (SH.H2O.BASW.UR.ZS)	98.7	98.7	98.8	98.8	98.7	98.7	98.7	98.7
7	Latin America & Caribbean	LCN	Region	At least basic drinking water, urban (% of urban population) (SH.H2O.BASW.UR.ZS)	97.1	97.2	97.3	97.4	97.5	97.6	97.7	97.8
8	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	MEA	Region	At least basic drinking water, urban (% of urban population) (SH.H2O.BASW.UR.ZS)	95.6	95.7	95.7	95.8	95.9	95.6	95.6	95.7
9	North America	NAC	Region	At least basic drinking water, urban (% of urban population) (SH.H2O.BASW.UR.ZS)	99.7	99.7	99.7	99.7	99.7	99.7	99.7	99.7
10	South Asia	SAS	Region	At least basic drinking water, urban (% of urban population) (SH.H2O.BASW.UR.ZS)	92.1	92.2	92.4	92.6	92.8	93.1	93.3	93.5
11	Sub-Saharan Africa	SSF	Region	At least basic drinking water, urban (% of urban population) (SH.H2O.BASW.UR.ZS)	76.9	77.0	77.3	77.7	78.1	78.5	78.9	79.3
12	High income	HIC	Income group	At least basic drinking water, urban (% of urban population) (SH.H2O.BASW.UR.ZS)	99.5	99.5	99.5	99.5	99.5	99.5	99.5	99.5
13	Upper middle income	UMC	Income group	At least basic drinking water, urban (% of urban population) (SH.H2O.BASW.UR.ZS)	96.8	96.9	96.9	97.0	97.1	97.1	97.2	97.2
14	Lower middle income	LMC	Income group	At least basic drinking water, urban (% of urban population) (SH.H2O.BASW.UR.ZS)	88.9	89.1	89.3	89.5	89.8	89.9	90.2	90.4
15	Low income	LIC	Income group	At least basic drinking water, urban (% of urban population) (SH.H2O.BASW.UR.ZS)	77.2	77.1	77.1	77.2	77.2	77.3	77.5	77.7
16	World	WLD	World	At least basic drinking water, rural (% of rural population) (SH.H2O.BASW.RU.ZS)	68.8	69.2	69.8	70.5	71.2	72.4	73.0	73.7

Showing the first 16 of 51 rows and 12 of 29 columns. Cells with formulas show the formula on hover.

	A	B
1	About this dataset
2	Source: World Bank WDI (WHO/UNICEF JMP) · Retrieved 2026-10-13 · License: CC BY 4.0
3
4	What this workbook is
5	Summary	Urban and rural population shares using at least basic drinking water and sanitation services for 217 World Bank-listed economies, 2000-2024, from the WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) series published in the World Bank WDI.
6
7	Tabs
8	Dashboard	World KPIs for 2024, regional urban-rural comparisons with bars, and the 15 countries with the largest urban-rural drinking water gap.
9	Urban water (%)	People using at least basic drinking water services, urban (% of urban population, SH.H2O.BASW.UR.ZS), 2000-2024.
10	Rural water (%)	People using at least basic drinking water services, rural (% of rural population, SH.H2O.BASW.RU.ZS), 2000-2024.
11	Urban sanitation (%)	People using at least basic sanitation services, urban (% of urban population, SH.STA.BASS.UR.ZS), 2000-2024.
12	Rural sanitation (%)	People using at least basic sanitation services, rural (% of rural population, SH.STA.BASS.RU.ZS), 2000-2024.
13	Latest year	Latest published year and value for each indicator per country, urban-minus-rural water and sanitation gaps in percentage points, bar column and sort key.
14	Regions & income groups	World Bank aggregate series for the world, seven regions and four income groups.
15
16	Sources and license

Showing the first 16 of 25 rows and 2 of 2 columns. Cells with formulas show the formula on hover.

What does this dataset do?

This workbook compares urban and rural access to at least basic drinking water and sanitation services across 217 countries and territories from 2000 to 2024. The four series come from the World Bank's World Development Indicators, which republish estimates from the WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene.

The Latest year tab retrieves each country's most recent published urban and rural figures by formula and computes the urban-minus-rural coverage gap in percentage points for both drinking water and sanitation. The Dashboard compares World Bank regions and income groups and ranks the 15 countries with the widest urban-rural drinking water divide.

Every figure is the published World Bank value, unmodified. Blank cells mark years or countries without a published urban or rural breakdown (for example 100-percent urban territories). The About tab provides the indicator definitions and CC BY 4.0 credit line.

What’s inside

217 countries and territories, 2000-2024, with ISO3 code, region and income group
Four WDI / JMP indicators: SH.H2O.BASW.UR.ZS, SH.H2O.BASW.RU.ZS, SH.STA.BASS.UR.ZS, SH.STA.BASS.RU.ZS
Dashboard with global urban-rural KPIs, regional coverage bars and a top-15 gap ranking
Latest year tab with urban-minus-rural water and sanitation gap formulas
World Bank aggregates for the world, 7 regions and 4 income groups
CC BY 4.0 license with full definitions and credit line on the About tab

Which tabs does the workbook have?

Tab	What it holds
Dashboard	World urban and rural KPIs for 2024, regional comparisons and the 15 largest urban-rural water gaps.
Urban water (%)	At least basic drinking water in urban areas (% of urban population), 2000-2024.
Rural water (%)	At least basic drinking water in rural areas (% of rural population), 2000-2024.
Urban sanitation (%)	At least basic sanitation in urban areas (% of urban population), 2000-2024.
Rural sanitation (%)	At least basic sanitation in rural areas (% of rural population), 2000-2024.
Latest year	Latest published year and value of each series per country, urban-rural gap formulas and rural water bar.
Regions & income groups	World Bank aggregates for the world, seven regions and four income groups.
About	Indicator definitions, JMP methodology notes, CC BY 4.0 license and credit line.

What formulas does this dataset use?

This dataset holds 1,989 formulas in 26,137 cells across 8 tabs, so 8% of its cells calculate. They use 12 distinct functions; the longest formula is 105 characters and 1,070 of them read from another tab.

Function	Uses	What it does
`IF`	1,884	one result when a test is true, another when false
`ISNUMBER`	1,133	true for a number
`INDEX`	1,048	value at a position in a range
`MATCH`	883	position of a value in a range
`AND`	458	true when every test is true
`MAX`	244	largest value
`MIN`	244	smallest value
`OR`	244	true when any test is true
`REPT`	244	repeats text
`ROUND`	244	rounds to a number of digits
`COUNTIF`	217	counts cells meeting one condition
`LARGE`	15	nth largest value

Counted from the workbook itself. Only functions that Excel, LibreOffice Calc, Google Sheets and Apple Numbers evaluate the same way are used, so the formulas survive every download format.

How do you use it?

Open the Dashboard to compare global and regional urban versus rural access and see the 15 widest coverage gaps.
Open any of the four indicator tabs to trace a country's urban or rural coverage from 2000 onward.
Use the Latest year tab to sort countries by rural water coverage or by the urban-rural percentage-point gap.
Filter by World Bank region or income group using the header drop-downs.
Copy the credit line from the About tab when citing the data.

What do the columns and units mean?

Column	Unit	Meaning
Country / ISO3 / Region / Income group	text / code	World Bank country name, three-letter code, region and income classification.
Urban basic drinking water (2000-2024)	% of urban population	People using at least basic drinking water services, urban (SH.H2O.BASW.UR.ZS).
Rural basic drinking water (2000-2024)	% of rural population	People using at least basic drinking water services, rural (SH.H2O.BASW.RU.ZS).
Urban basic sanitation (2000-2024)	% of urban population	People using at least basic sanitation services, urban (SH.STA.BASS.UR.ZS).
Rural basic sanitation (2000-2024)	% of rural population	People using at least basic sanitation services, rural (SH.STA.BASS.RU.ZS).
Urban-rural gap	percentage points	Formula on Latest year tab: urban coverage minus rural coverage when both refer to the same year.

Where does the data come from?

World Bank, World Development Indicators (WHO/UNICEF JMP estimates), licensed CC BY 4.0. Retrieved 13 Oct 2026.

Cite as: World Bank, World Development Indicators (SH.H2O.BASW.UR.ZS, SH.H2O.BASW.RU.ZS, SH.STA.BASS.UR.ZS, SH.STA.BASS.RU.ZS; WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene), database last updated 2026-10-08; retrieved 2026-10-13 from https://api.worldbank.org/v2/. Licensed CC BY 4.0.

Underlying source: WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (https://washdata.org/). Values are unmodified.

What is it good for?

Measuring the urban-rural divide in drinking water and sanitation access
Tracking rural infrastructure progress over 25 years
Comparing regional urban and rural WASH coverage for development reports
Joining urban-rural WASH indicators to national coverage and freshwater withdrawal tables on ISO3 codes
Screening countries where rural water or sanitation lags urban access by more than 20 percentage points

Questions about this sheet

What is at least basic drinking water and sanitation?

At least basic drinking water means water from an improved source within a 30-minute round trip including queuing. At least basic sanitation means use of improved facilities that are not shared with other households.

Why are some economies blank on the rural tabs?

Economies with no rural population in national statistics (such as Singapore, Hong Kong SAR, Macao SAR, Monaco or Gibraltar) have no rural series in the JMP database, so their rural cells are left blank.

How is the urban-rural gap calculated?

On the Latest year tab, the gap equals the urban percentage minus the rural percentage in percentage points, calculated only when both series have a published value for the same year.

Can I use this dataset commercially?

Yes. The World Bank publishes these WDI series under CC BY 4.0, which allows commercial reuse and adaptation with attribution.