CO2 emissions and renewable energy by country, 2000-2024

Total and per capita CO2 emissions, renewable energy share and electricity access for 217 economies, 2000-2024.

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	A	B	C	D	E	F	I	J	K	L
1	CO2 emissions and renewable energy by country, 2000-2024
2	Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5, EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5, EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS, EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS) · Retrieved 2026-10-13 · License: CC BY 4.0
3	Total CO2 emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e), per capita emissions (t), renewable energy share (%) and electricity access (%).
4
5	WORLD CO2 EMISSIONS, 2024 (MT)	WORLD CO2 PER CAPITA, 2024 (T)				MEDIAN COUNTRY RENEWABLE SHARE (%)		COUNTRIES AT 100% ELECTRICITY
6	39,632.7	4.69				20.1		125
7	2024, World Bank WLD aggregate	2024, World Bank WLD aggregate				Latest published year per country		Latest published year >= 99.9%
8
9	Regions and income groups, 2024: CO2 emissions (Mt), share of world, per capita (t) and electricity access (%)
10	World, region or income group	Code	CO2 2024 (Mt)	Share of world	CO2 share bar (scale 0 to 100%)		Per capita 2024 (t)	CO2 2000 (Mt)	Change vs 2000	Electricity %
11	World	WLD	39,632.7	100.0%	████████████████████████████		4.69	25,694.7	54.2%	91.9
12	East Asia & Pacific	EAS	17,388.8	43.9%	████████████		7.35	6,681.3	160.3%	98.6
13	Europe & Central Asia	ECS	6,082.4	15.3%	████		6.62	6,906.3	-11.9%	100.0
14	Latin America & Caribbean	LCN	1,771.5	4.5%	█		2.68	1,351.0	31.1%	98.0
15	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	MEA	3,306.2	8.3%	██		4.09	1,516.6	118.0%	96.8
16	North America	NAC	5,210.4	13.1%	████		13.66	6,472.0	-19.5%	100.0

Showing the first 16 of 41 rows and 12 of 13 columns. Cells with formulas show the formula on hover.

	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L
1	CO2 emissions, total excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e), 2000-2024
2	Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5) · Retrieved 2026-10-13 · License: CC BY 4.0
3	Country	ISO3	Region	Income group	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007
4	Afghanistan	AFG	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Low income	1.0	0.9	0.9	1.0	0.9	1.3	1.4	2.1
5	Albania	ALB	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	3.2	3.4	4.0	4.2	4.4	4.1	4.1	4.2
6	Algeria	DZA	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Upper middle income	87.9	85.8	89.7	96.5	96.6	101.4	105.5	108.9
7	American Samoa	ASM	East Asia & Pacific	High income	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
8	Andorra	AND	Europe & Central Asia	High income
9	Angola	AGO	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income	16.5	16.2	15.9	17.3	17.7	15.6	16.3	17.1
10	Antigua and Barbuda	ATG	Latin America & Caribbean	High income	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
11	Argentina	ARG	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income	136.8	131.3	124.0	135.2	149.7	153.6	162.6	173.1
12	Armenia	ARM	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	3.6	3.6	3.1	3.5	3.8	4.5	4.4	5.2
13	Aruba	ABW	Latin America & Caribbean	High income	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.5
14	Australia	AUS	East Asia & Pacific	High income	353.9	360.4	368.6	368.1	382.0	384.1	390.2	400.7
15	Austria	AUT	Europe & Central Asia	High income	66.7	71.4	73.2	78.2	79.6	80.4	78.3	75.4
16	Azerbaijan	AZE	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	28.8	27.7	27.5	29.8	29.5	31.2	31.9	28.9

Showing the first 16 of 220 rows and 12 of 29 columns. Cells with formulas show the formula on hover.

	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L
1	CO2 emissions excluding LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/person), 2000-2024
2	Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5) · Retrieved 2026-10-13 · License: CC BY 4.0
3	Country	ISO3	Region	Income group	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007
4	Afghanistan	AFG	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Low income	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.05	0.06	0.08
5	Albania	ALB	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	1.05	1.12	1.31	1.39	1.46	1.38	1.38	1.43
6	Algeria	DZA	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Upper middle income	2.85	2.74	2.82	3.00	2.96	3.06	3.14	3.19
7	American Samoa	ASM	East Asia & Pacific	High income	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
8	Andorra	AND	Europe & Central Asia	High income
9	Angola	AGO	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income	1.02	0.97	0.92	0.97	0.95	0.81	0.82	0.82
10	Antigua and Barbuda	ATG	Latin America & Caribbean	High income	1.81	1.74	1.95	2.10	2.11	2.17	2.43	2.63
11	Argentina	ARG	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income	3.67	3.49	3.26	3.52	3.86	3.92	4.10	4.33
12	Armenia	ARM	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	1.11	1.13	0.97	1.09	1.19	1.42	1.42	1.66
13	Aruba	ABW	Latin America & Caribbean	High income	2.97	2.97	3.23	3.68	3.67	3.95	4.27	4.57
14	Australia	AUS	East Asia & Pacific	High income	18.60	18.70	18.91	18.67	19.16	19.04	19.08	19.24
15	Austria	AUT	Europe & Central Asia	High income	8.32	8.87	9.06	9.63	9.74	9.77	9.47	9.09
16	Azerbaijan	AZE	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	3.58	3.42	3.36	3.62	3.55	3.72	3.76	3.37

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	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L
1	Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy), 2000-2024
2	Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS) · Retrieved 2026-10-13 · License: CC BY 4.0
3	Country	ISO3	Region	Income group	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007
4	Afghanistan	AFG	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Low income	45.0	45.6	37.8	36.7	44.2	33.9	31.9	28.8
5	Albania	ALB	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	41.4	39.0	35.8	33.7	35.8	36.8	31.6	32.0
6	Algeria	DZA	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Upper middle income	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.4	0.6	0.4	0.4
7	American Samoa	ASM	East Asia & Pacific	High income	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
8	Andorra	AND	Europe & Central Asia	High income	14.5	15.4	15.8	16.5	16.6	16.6	17.6	16.6
9	Angola	AGO	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income	73.8	72.8	70.8	65.6	62.3	68.9	62.6	58.9
10	Antigua and Barbuda	ATG	Latin America & Caribbean	High income	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
11	Argentina	ARG	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income	9.8	11.5	11.6	10.8	9.3	9.6	9.2	7.7
12	Armenia	ARM	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	7.2	5.4	8.9	9.8	8.7	6.5	7.7	7.0
13	Aruba	ABW	Latin America & Caribbean	High income	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
14	Australia	AUS	East Asia & Pacific	High income	8.4	8.4	8.7	7.2	6.7	6.7	6.8	7.0
15	Austria	AUT	Europe & Central Asia	High income	26.4	25.5	24.7	22.6	23.2	24.4	26.6	29.0
16	Azerbaijan	AZE	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	2.1	1.8	2.4	2.9	3.1	3.4	2.9	3.8

Showing the first 16 of 220 rows and 12 of 29 columns. Cells with formulas show the formula on hover.

	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L
1	Access to electricity (% of population), 2000-2024
2	Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS) · Retrieved 2026-10-13 · License: CC BY 4.0
3	Country	ISO3	Region	Income group	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007
4	Afghanistan	AFG	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Low income	4.4	9.3	14.1	19.0	23.8	28.7	33.5	38.4
5	Albania	ALB	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	99.4	99.4	99.4	99.4	99.4	99.4	99.4	99.4
6	Algeria	DZA	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Upper middle income	98.6	98.6	98.6	98.6	98.6	98.6	98.7	98.7
7	American Samoa	ASM	East Asia & Pacific	High income
8	Andorra	AND	Europe & Central Asia	High income	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
9	Angola	AGO	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income	24.2	20.0	26.3	27.4	28.4	29.4	30.5	37.5
10	Antigua and Barbuda	ATG	Latin America & Caribbean	High income	97.7	97.7	100.0	97.9	97.9	92.2	100.0	100.0
11	Argentina	ARG	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income	95.7	95.5	96.1	96.3	96.5	96.7	97.0	97.2
12	Armenia	ARM	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	98.9	100.0	98.0	99.1	99.1	99.8	99.1	99.2
13	Aruba	ABW	Latin America & Caribbean	High income	91.7	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
14	Australia	AUS	East Asia & Pacific	High income	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
15	Austria	AUT	Europe & Central Asia	High income	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
16	Azerbaijan	AZE	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	98.9	98.6	100.0	98.8	99.0	99.1	99.5	99.5

Showing the first 16 of 220 rows and 12 of 29 columns. Cells with formulas show the formula on hover.

	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L
1	Latest published CO2 emissions, renewable share and electricity access by country (through 2024)
2	Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5, EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5, EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS, EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS) · Retrieved 2026-10-13 · License: CC BY 4.0
3	Country	ISO3	Region	Income group	CO2: latest year	CO2 emissions (Mt)	Share of world CO2	CO2 per capita: latest year	CO2 per capita (t)	Renewable energy: latest year	Renewable energy (%)	Electricity access: latest year
4	Afghanistan	AFG	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Low income	2024	12.1	0.03%	2024	0.28	2022	20.0	2024
5	Albania	ALB	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	2024	4.2	0.01%	2024	1.79	2021	41.9	2024
6	Algeria	DZA	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	Upper middle income	2024	186.4	0.47%	2024	3.98	2021	0.1	2024
7	American Samoa	ASM	East Asia & Pacific	High income	2024	0.0	0.00%	2024	0.00	2022	0.4
8	Andorra	AND	Europe & Central Asia	High income						2022	18.7	2024
9	Angola	AGO	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income	2024	28.1	0.07%	2024	0.74	2021	52.9	2024
10	Antigua and Barbuda	ATG	Latin America & Caribbean	High income	2024	0.4	0.00%	2024	3.80	2022	0.9	2024
11	Argentina	ARG	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income	2024	183.3	0.46%	2024	4.01	2021	9.2	2024
12	Armenia	ARM	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	2024	7.5	0.02%	2024	2.47	2021	9.1	2024
13	Aruba	ABW	Latin America & Caribbean	High income	2024	0.6	0.00%	2024	5.15	2022	8.8	2024
14	Australia	AUS	East Asia & Pacific	High income	2024	383.4	0.97%	2024	14.10	2021	12.3	2024
15	Austria	AUT	Europe & Central Asia	High income	2024	58.0	0.15%	2024	6.32	2021	36.0	2024
16	Azerbaijan	AZE	Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	2024	38.9	0.10%	2024	3.81	2021	1.3	2024

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	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L
1	World Bank regional, income-group and world aggregates
2	Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5, EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5, EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS, EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS) · Retrieved 2026-10-13 · License: CC BY 4.0
3	Aggregate	Code	Type	Indicator	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007
4	World	WLD	World	CO2 emissions, total excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e) (EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5)	25,694.7	26,000.9	26,414.8	27,642.4	28,926.4	30,015.9	31,037.6	32,207.4
5	East Asia & Pacific	EAS	Region	CO2 emissions, total excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e) (EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5)	6,681.3	6,907.1	7,308.2	8,024.2	8,825.7	9,615.4	10,325.0	11,035.2
6	Europe & Central Asia	ECS	Region	CO2 emissions, total excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e) (EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5)	6,906.3	6,949.7	6,946.8	7,189.9	7,206.8	7,194.1	7,314.6	7,320.2
7	Latin America & Caribbean	LCN	Region	CO2 emissions, total excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e) (EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5)	1,351.0	1,352.6	1,353.8	1,385.8	1,449.5	1,495.7	1,532.1	1,586.1
8	Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan	MEA	Region	CO2 emissions, total excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e) (EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5)	1,516.6	1,592.0	1,644.9	1,704.6	1,809.0	1,926.1	2,039.2	2,144.0
9	North America	NAC	Region	CO2 emissions, total excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e) (EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5)	6,472.0	6,412.2	6,281.0	6,366.8	6,439.9	6,470.7	6,364.9	6,467.6
10	South Asia	SAS	Region	CO2 emissions, total excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e) (EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5)	1,039.8	1,061.7	1,101.5	1,136.3	1,223.4	1,277.0	1,360.5	1,479.9
11	Sub-Saharan Africa	SSF	Region	CO2 emissions, total excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e) (EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5)	571.5	592.3	596.1	631.9	667.4	683.3	685.2	703.4
12	High income	HIC	Income group	CO2 emissions, total excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e) (EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5)	15,214.8	15,260.3	15,178.8	15,503.5	15,649.7	15,715.1	15,702.0	15,877.6
13	Upper middle income	UMC	Income group	CO2 emissions, total excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e) (EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5)	7,329.7	7,550.4	7,953.6	8,787.3	9,686.7	10,565.6	11,412.8	12,213.8
14	Lower middle income	LMC	Income group	CO2 emissions, total excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e) (EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5)	1,831.7	1,888.2	1,932.6	1,974.9	2,105.2	2,182.9	2,298.9	2,440.7
15	Low income	LIC	Income group	CO2 emissions, total excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e) (EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5)	162.4	168.7	167.1	173.9	180.1	198.7	208.0	204.3
16	World	WLD	World	CO2 emissions excluding LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/person) (EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5)	4.01	4.01	4.01	4.15	4.28	4.39	4.48	4.59

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	A	B
1	About this dataset
2	Source: World Bank WDI · Retrieved 2026-10-13 · License: CC BY 4.0
3
4	What this workbook is
5	Summary	Annual carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e and tonnes per person), renewable energy share of final energy consumption (%), and population electricity access (%) for 217 World Bank-listed economies, 2000-2024, plus Worl…
6
7	Tabs
8	Dashboard	World KPIs for 2024, regional CO2 and electricity comparisons with bars, and the top 15 CO2-emitting economies.
9	CO2 emissions (Mt)	Total CO2 emissions excluding land-use change and forestry in megatonnes (EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5), 2000-2024.
10	CO2 per capita (t)	CO2 emissions per person in metric tonnes (EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5), 2000-2024.
11	Renewable energy (%)	Renewable energy share in total final energy consumption (EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS), 2000-2024.
12	Electricity access (%)	Share of population with access to electricity (EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS), 2000-2024.
13	Latest year	Latest published year and value of each indicator per country, share of world CO2 formula, renewable energy bar and sort key.
14	Regions & income groups	World Bank aggregate series for the world, seven regions and four income groups.
15
16	Sources and license

Showing the first 16 of 25 rows and 2 of 2 columns. Cells with formulas show the formula on hover.

What does this dataset do?

This workbook brings together four climate and energy series from the World Bank's World Development Indicators for 217 countries and territories from 2000 to 2024: total carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions excluding land-use change and forestry in megatonnes (Mt CO2e), CO2 emissions per capita in metric tonnes, renewable energy consumption as a percentage of total final energy consumption, and access to electricity as a percentage of the population.

The Latest year tab pulls each country's most recent published value for all four indicators by formula, computes each country's share of world CO2 emissions against the World Bank world total for the matching year, and draws an in-cell renewable-energy bar. The Dashboard compares World Bank regions and income groups and ranks the 15 largest CO2 emitters.

Every figure is the World Bank's published value, unmodified. Blank cells indicate years where no value is published. The About tab lists the indicator codes, underlying sources (EDGAR, IEA, IRENA, UNSD) and CC BY 4.0 attribution line.

What’s inside

217 countries and territories, 2000-2024, with ISO3 code, region and income group
Four WDI indicators: EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5, EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5, EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS, EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS
Dashboard with global CO2 KPIs, regional change since 2000 and a top-15 emitter ranking
Latest year tab with share-of-world-CO2 formula and renewable energy bars
World Bank aggregates for the world, 7 regions and 4 income groups
CC BY 4.0 license with full indicator definitions and credit line on the About tab

Which tabs does the workbook have?

Tab	What it holds
Dashboard	World KPIs for 2024, regional CO2 comparisons with bars and the top 15 emitting countries.
CO2 emissions (Mt)	Total CO2 emissions excluding LULUCF in Mt CO2e, 2000-2024.
CO2 per capita (t)	CO2 emissions excluding LULUCF in tonnes per person, 2000-2024.
Renewable energy (%)	Renewable energy share in total final energy consumption, 2000-2024.
Electricity access (%)	Share of population with access to electricity, 2000-2024.
Latest year	Latest published year and value of each series per country, share of world CO2 and renewable bar.
Regions & income groups	World Bank aggregates for the world, seven regions and four income groups.
About	Official definitions, underlying sources, CC BY 4.0 license and credit line.

What formulas does this dataset use?

This dataset holds 1,757 formulas in 28,753 cells across 8 tabs, so 6% of its cells calculate. They use 14 distinct functions; the longest formula is 121 characters and 1,272 of them read from another tab.

Function	Uses	What it does
`IF`	1,653	one result when a test is true, another when false
`INDEX`	1,250	value at a position in a range
`MATCH`	1,100	position of a value in a range
`ISNUMBER`	458	true for a number
`MAX`	244	largest value
`MIN`	244	smallest value
`OR`	244	true when any test is true
`REPT`	244	repeats text
`ROUND`	244	rounds to a number of digits
`COUNTIF`	218	counts cells meeting one condition
`LARGE`	15	nth largest value
`AND`	12	true when every test is true

The 12 most used of 14 functions. Counted from the workbook itself. Only functions that Excel, LibreOffice Calc, Google Sheets and Apple Numbers evaluate the same way are used, so the formulas survive every download format.

How do you use it?

Open the Dashboard to inspect global CO2 totals, regional growth since 2000 and the top 15 emitting economies.
Choose any indicator tab to read a country's annual trajectory across a row or compare countries in a specific year.
Use the Latest year tab to compare total emissions, per capita emissions and renewable energy shares side by side.
Filter by World Bank region or income group using the header drop-downs.
Copy the credit line from the About tab when publishing charts or reports.

What do the columns and units mean?

Column	Unit	Meaning
Country / ISO3 / Region / Income group	text / code	World Bank country name, three-letter code, region and income classification.
CO2 emissions (2000-2024)	Mt CO2e	Carbon dioxide emissions, total excluding LULUCF (EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5).
CO2 per capita (2000-2024)	t CO2e per person	Carbon dioxide emissions excluding LULUCF per capita (EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5).
Renewable energy (2000-2024)	% of final energy	Renewable energy consumption share of total final energy consumption (EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS).
Electricity access (2000-2024)	% of population	Share of population with access to electricity (EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS).
Share of world CO2	% of world total	Formula on Latest year tab: country's latest CO2 divided by World Bank world CO2 total for the same year.

Where does the data come from?

World Bank, World Development Indicators (EDGAR, IEA, IRENA, UNSD), licensed CC BY 4.0. Retrieved 13 Oct 2026.

Cite as: World Bank, World Development Indicators (EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5, EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5, EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS, EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS), database last updated 2026-10-08; retrieved 2026-10-13 from https://api.worldbank.org/v2/. Licensed CC BY 4.0.

Underlying sources per the World Bank: EDGAR (European Commission JRC / IEA) for CO2 series; IEA, IRENA, UNSD, World Bank and WHO for renewable energy and electricity access.

What is it good for?

Comparing total and per capita CO2 emissions across countries
Tracking renewable energy share against carbon intensity
Screening countries by electricity access and energy transition progress
Joining emissions data to GDP and population tables on ISO3 codes
Building regional climate and energy tables for sustainability reports

Questions about this sheet

What does excluding LULUCF mean for CO2 emissions?

LULUCF stands for land use, land-use change and forestry. Excluding LULUCF means the series covers fossil-fuel combustion, industrial processes and product use without net forest carbon sinks or land-clearing fluxes.

Why can the latest year differ across the four indicators?

The CO2 series from EDGAR and the electricity and renewable series from IEA, IRENA and UNSD are updated on different schedules. The Latest year tab shows the exact year behind each country's figure.

Why are some cells blank?

The World Bank publishes no value for that economy and year, and this workbook never interpolates or estimates missing data.

Can I use these figures commercially?

Yes. The World Bank distributes these indicators under CC BY 4.0, permitting commercial reuse and adaptation with credit.